Stem cell therapy test｜Cancer immune test｜Immune system test｜Autoimmune test｜CIK (Cytokine-induced killer cell)
Stem cell therapy test｜Cancer immune test｜Immune system test｜Autoimmune test｜NK-CELL ｜CD4 CD8 ｜B cell ｜DC cell ｜Cytokine-induced killer cell CIK (Cytokine-induced killer cell)
In 2021, when everyone is welcoming the post-epidemic era, everyone knows that the global variant of new coronary pneumonia/Wuhan pneumonia/COVID-19 has affected the world. In the face of the new coronavirus attack and the resurgence of the epidemic, the immune system is no longer a vague term. For immune prisoners and immune storms, do you want to know how the high-level inspector uses the massive immune tactics to counter the new crown?
Beginning in the new year of 2021, let us have a clear quantitative definition of immune cells.
Lymphocyte immune stem cells are produced in the bone marrow and released to the peripheral internal circulation. They are grasped by specific tissues and then define the differentiation of lymphocytes into B Cell & T Cell. T lymphocytes mature in the thymus and pre-lymph node cortex, and B lymphocytes are Tonsils, spleen, intestines, lymph nodes bud embryo mature. About 5-15% of lymphocytes belong to B cells responsible for the production of antibodies, and about 60-80% belong to T cells responsible for cellular immune regulation & cytokine production. T cell (CD3) is mainly divided into helper T cell (CD3+ CD4+), Cytotoxic/suppressor T cell (CD3+ CD8+). Helper T cell (Helper T cell) plays an intermediate role in the immune response and activates the immune response. Helper cells". The main surface marker of helper T cells is CD4. T cells regulate or "help" other lymphocytes to function. They are known target cells of the HIV virus. They will decrease sharply during the onset of AIDS. CD4 cells are mainly used to assess the deterioration of HIV infection and the effect of treatment. The CD4+ T-cell count is less than 200 cells/μL, or the percentage of CD4+ T-cell in the total number of lymphocytes is less than 14%. Cytotoxic T cells (Cytotoxic T cells) are responsible for identifying and eliminating changed self cells, such as virus-infected cells or tumor cells; the main surface marker of cytotoxic T cells is CD8. Suppressor T cell (Suppressor T cell) also expresses CD8. Its main function is to regulate the body's immune response to maintain "self-tolerance", that is, to help identify self-substances so that no immune response occurs, and to avoid excessive immune response and damage the body.
Human lymphocytes can be divided into three groups: T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and natural killer (NK) lymphocytes according to their biological functions and the expression of cell surface antigens. It can be used to assess certain types of immunodeficiency and autoimmune diseases. Helper T Lymphocytes Helper Cells are a subgroup of T Lymphocytes (CD3+) that contain CD4+. In persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (AIDS), the number of T lymphocytes in their bodies will steadily decrease as the infection progresses. Suppressor/cytotoxic T lymphocytes Suppressor Cells are a subgroup of CD8+ T lymphocytes (CD3+). For some autoimmune diseases, the percentage of suppressor/cytotoxic T lymphocytes may exceed the normal reference range. Many patients with congenital immunodeficiency or acquired immunodeficiency, such as patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), will increase the relative percentage of CD8+ subgroups. The main surface antigens of natural killer lymphocytes (NK Cell) are CD3-, CD16+ and CD56+, which are derived from bone marrow. Without antigen pre-stimulation, it can kill tumor cells in and out of the body without the participation of antibodies. It has a broad anti-cancer effect, resists infection, and participates in immune regulation. It does not directly attack the invading microorganisms, but increases the permeability of the membrane to kill virus-infected cells. It has been shown to regulate the cytotoxicity of specific tumors and virus-infected cells. Active T cells (Active T cells) will perform their cellular immune function. The surface of activated T cells will display HLA-DR antigens. Detection of HLA-DR antigens can tell the proportion of Active T cells.
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